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KPV Chemical

A neon-grid research console on the KPV tripeptide — what the colitis, wound and melanocortin literature establishes, where the human data stop, and how research-labelled material and prescription care differ.

STUDIES AND FDA PAPERS

KPV peptide studies and FDA records.

Use this list to match a claim with the study or FDA page behind it.

Return to the test resultsSee KPV’s FDA standing

What Each Group of Sources Covers

Studies and reviews are numbered [1]-[16]. They cover cells, animals, wounds, colitis, and ways to hold KPV. FDA papers are numbered [17]-[19]. They support the page on pharmacy rules.

Some papers sit behind a paywall. A library can still find them from the details below. The list keeps each study beside the claims it supports.

Start with the number printed after a claim. Match it to the same number below. Then check who or what was tested. That step can expose a mouse result dressed up as a human one.

  1. Dalmasso G, Charrier-Hisamuddin L, Nguyen HT, Yan Y, Sitaraman S, Merlin D. PepT1-mediated tripeptide KPV uptake reduces intestinal inflammation. Gastroenterology. 2008;134(1):166-178. ↗
  2. Kannengiesser K, Maaser C, Heidemann J, et al. Melanocortin-derived tripeptide KPV has anti-inflammatory potential in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2008;14(3):324-331. ↗
  3. Getting SJ, Schiöth HB, Perretti M. Dissection of the anti-inflammatory effect of the core and C-terminal (KPV) alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone peptides. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003;306(2):631-637. ↗
  4. Brzoska T, Luger TA, Maaser C, Abels C, Bohm M. Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and related tripeptides: biochemistry, antiinflammatory and protective effects in vitro and in vivo, and future perspectives for the treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Endocr Rev. 2008;29(5):581-602. ↗
  5. Xiao B, Xu Z, Viennois E, et al. Orally Targeted Delivery of Tripeptide KPV via Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Nanoparticles Efficiently Alleviates Ulcerative Colitis. Mol Ther. 2017;25(7):1628-1640. ↗
  6. Bonfiglio V, Camillieri G, Avitabile T, Leggio GM, Drago F. Effects of the COOH-terminal tripeptide alpha-MSH(11-13) on corneal epithelial wound healing: role of nitric oxide. Exp Eye Res. 2006;83(6):1366-1372. ↗
  7. Catania A, Cutuli M, Garofalo L, et al. New insights into the functions of alpha-MSH and related peptides in the immune system. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003;994:133-140. ↗
  8. Brzoska T, Bohm M, Lugering A, Loser K, Luger TA. Alpha-MSH related peptides: a new class of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating drugs. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007;67 Suppl 3:iii52-iii55. ↗
  9. Zhang Q, et al. Self-Cross-Linked Hydrogel of Cysteamine-Grafted gamma-Polyglutamic Acid Stabilized Tripeptide KPV for Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2021;7(10):4938-4949. ↗
  10. Exploring the Role of Tripeptides in Wound Healing and Skin Regeneration: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Med Sci. 2025. ↗
  11. Barcellini W, Colombo G, La Maestra L, et al. Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone peptides inhibit HIV-1 expression in chronically infected promonocytic U1 cells and in acutely infected monocytes. J Leukoc Biol. 2000;68(5):693-699. ↗
  12. Zhang D, et al. PepT1-targeted nanodrug based on co-assembly of anti-inflammatory peptide and immunosuppressant for combination treatment of acute and chronic DSS-induced colitis. Front Pharmacol. 2024;15:1442876. ↗
  13. Lin X, et al. KPV and RAPA Self-Assembled into Carrier-Free Nanodrugs for Vascular Calcification Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater. 2024. ↗
  14. Research-status synthesis: no published human clinical trials of KPV as a standalone therapeutic; the evidence base is in-vitro and animal (predominantly murine colitis) work plus reviews. Free KPV is a peptidase-labile tripeptide with no validated human pharmacokinetics. KPV is sold for laboratory research use only and is not an approved drug or dietary supplement in any major jurisdiction. (Summarized from the cited primary literature, refs 1-13, and FDA sources, refs 17-19.) ↗
  15. Ji HX, Zou YL, Duan JJ, et al. The synthetic melanocortin (CKPV)2 exerts anti-fungal and anti-inflammatory effects against Candida albicans vaginitis via inducing macrophage M2 polarization. PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e56004. ↗
  16. Zhao Y, et al. Skin-adaptive film dressing with smart-release of growth factors accelerated diabetic wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol. 2022;222(Pt A):1738-1748. ↗
  17. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Bulk Drug Substances Used in Compounding Under Section 503A of the FD&C Act. FDA.gov (verified 2026-05-29). ↗
  18. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Certain Bulk Drug Substances for Use in Compounding That May Present Significant Safety Risks. FDA.gov (entries effective 2023-09-29; verified 2026-05-29). ↗
  19. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. July 23-24, 2026: Meeting of the Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee — agenda listing BPC-157, KPV, TB-500, and MOTs-C as bulk drug substances being considered for inclusion on the 503A Bulks List. FDA.gov (verified 2026-05-29). ↗